city in Benjamin where Rachel wept according to Jeremiah Jeremiah 31 (38 LXX)

also where the people demanded “give us a king” in 1 Samuel 8:4

Samuel's Ramah (1 Sam 1:1, 8:4):

• Full name: רָמָתַיִם צוֹפִים (Ramathaim-Zophim) = "the two heights of the Zophites/watchers"
• Short name: רָמָה (Ramah)
• Location: Hill country of Ephraim
• LXX renders the dual form as Ἀρμαθαιμ, the singular as Ῥαμα
• Same place, just full name vs. short name
• Also called "Arimathea" in NT - Joseph of Arimathea is probably "Joseph from Ramah" call back to kingship-corruption

Rachel's Ramah (Jer 31:15):

• This is רָמָה in Benjamin, near Bethlehem/Jerusalem
• Different place entirely - about 30-40 miles south
• Associated with Rachel's tomb tradition
• Where Babylonians assembled captives for exile
• Matthew 2:18 quotes this for Herod's massacre